/* purity_pearlspine */

body {
padding: 0;
}

hr {
border-top: 1px solid #b3b3b3;
}

/* Vs. /t3-assets/dev/templates.purity_pearlspine.less.joomla.less.css */
/* e.g. alt="new-win-icon" in endnotes */
@media screen and (max-width: 992px) {
    article img {
        width: inherit !important;
    }
}

#header {
box-sizing:content-box; /* to match original css */
}

#t3-content {
left: 0;  /* re sidebars */
}

/* frontpages */

td,
tr td {
border-top: none;
}

/*
article img {
max-width: unset;
width: unset !important;
}
*/

.page-masthead .row-feature {
padding: 15px 0 0 50px;
}

.row-feature {
border-top: none;
padding: 0;
font-size: inherit;
line-height: inherit;
}

.t3-mainbody {
padding-top: 0;
}

.t3-content {
/* margin-right: 10px; */
/* width: 405px; */
width: auto;
}

.t3-module {
margin-bottom: 0;
width: 230px;
}

/* main menu past */

.t3-sidebar-2 {
width: 260px;
}

.mainmenu_spring03,
.mainmenu_summer05 {
width: 300px;
}

.t3-sidebar .nav > ul {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 20px 0 10px 10px;
line-height: 160%;
}

.module-ct > ul.nav {
padding-left: 10px;
}

.t3-sidebar .nav > li,
.mainmenu_spring03 .nav > li,
.mainmenu_summer05 .nav > li {
border-top: 0;
}

.t3-sidebar .nav > li > a,
.mainmenu_spring03 .nav > li > a,
.mainmenu_summer05 .nav > li > a {
padding: 0;
display: inline;
}

.t3-sidebar .nav > li > a:hover,
.mainmenu_spring03 .nav > li > a:hover,
.mainmenu_summer05 .nav > li > a:hover {
background-color: inherit;
color: #024d97;
}

/* search */

.search.pearlspine .fa,
.search_spr03_sum05 .fa {
display: none;
}

.pearlspine .form-control,
.search_spr03_sum05 .form-control {
font-size: 12px;
height: 20px;
width: 110px;
}

.search_spr03_sum05 {
height: 49px;
width: 280px;
}

.search_spr03_sum05 input {
margin-left: 0;
}

/* sidebar 1 - ads */

.t3-sidebar-1 {
margin-left: 10px;
padding: 20px 0 0 0;
right: 0;
width: 200px;
}

.t3-sidebar-1 .t3-module {
width: inherit;
}

.t3-module p {
margin: 0;
}

/* reviews module */

.t3-module.module_article h3 {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
}

.module-ct .custom > ul {
margin-left: 0;
}

/* article */

#wrap_actions .actions {
display: flex;
justify-content: flex-end;
}

blockquote {
padding: 0;
border-left: 0;
}

blockquote p {
font-size: inherit;
font-weight: inherit;
line-height: inherit;
}

#t3-content li {
list-style-type:none;
}

#t3-content a img {
border:none;
margin-right:0px;
margin-top:5px;
}

article img {
display: inline-block;
}

/* /autumn14/musacchio-anne-whitney-abroad */
#t3-content [id^=edn] a img {
height: 10px;
margin-top: 0;
width: 14px;
}

/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

html {
font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
}
body {
color: #000;
font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
}
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6,
.h1,
.h2,
.h3,
.h4,
.h5,
.h6 {
color: #404040;
font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

.t3-footer {
background: #e4e9cc;
color: #000;
}

.t3-copyright {
border: none;
padding: 0;
}

.t3-copyright .copyright {
margin: 0;
}

#page_footer .footer_item {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
}

.t3-navhelper {
padding: 0;
}

.t3-navhelper .container {
padding: 0;
width: 100%;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Replacing table inline style 610px */
/* because 8px tr stopped having effect. */
.article_table {
width: 655px;
}

/* templates.purity_pearlspine.less.core.less.css */
/* line-height: 1.42857143 */
.article_table td {
line-height: 1.3;
}

.ncaw_article .article-aside {
display: none;
}

.article-aside {
display: none;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* FROM PEARLSPINE TEMPLATE.CSS */

* {
margin:0;
padding:0;
}

body {
font-family:verdana,helvetica,sans-serif;
line-height:1.3em;
margin:0;
font-size:12px;
color:#000;
/*width:100%; /* moved 1100px to content_body,for header to work */
background:#E4E9CC;
}

a {
text-decoration:none;
color:#036;
}

a:hover {
color:#437FC1;
text-decoration:none;
}

a img {
border:none;
}

td {
text-align:left;
}

form {
margin:0;
padding:0;
}

blockquote {
margin:20px;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

.search {
background:#99A756;
padding-bottom:20px;
padding-top:10px;
padding-left:10px;
}

.search .button {
color:#013466;
font-size:12px;
font-weight:700;
margin-right:5px;
}

.search-search2,
.search_spr03_sum05 {
background:#99A756;
/*
padding-bottom:20px;
padding-top:10px;
padding-left:10px;
 */
margin-left:20px;
}

.search-search2 .button,
.search_spr03_sum05 .button {
color:#013466;
font-size:12px;
font-weight:700;
margin-right:5px;
}

.menu_load {
margin-left:20px;
padding:10px 0 10px 10px;
background:#99A756;
line-height:160%;
}

.menu_load a {
font-family:News Gothic MT,Arial,sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
color:#013466;
font-weight:700;
}

.menu_load a span:hover {
font-weight:700;
color:#e4e9cc;
}

.module_rmpic {
padding-bottom:10px;
float:left;
}

.frnt_title1 {
color:#036;
font-family:verdana,sans-serif;
font-size:10pt;
}

.module_article {
clear:both;
padding-top:10px;
/*padding-left:3px;*/
}

.module_article h3 {
color:#E4E9CC;
background:#036;
/*font-weight:bold;*/
font-family:News Gothic MT,arial,sans-serif;
font-size:17px;
padding:5px 0 5px 10px;
}

td.main_text p {
color:#000;
font-family:verdana,sans-serif;
font-size:9pt;
line-height:1.5;
padding-bottom:12px;
}

td.main_text {
color:#000;
font-family:verdana,sans-serif;
font-size:9pt;
line-height:1.5;
padding-bottom:12px;
}

.index_title {
font-family:News Gothic MT,arial,sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
font-weight:700;
}

.index_revtitle {
font-family:News Gothic MT,arial,sans-serif;
font-size:18px;
font-weight:700;
color:#036;
}

.index_byline {
font-family:News Gothic MT,arial,sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
line-height:1.6;
}

.index_text {
font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
font-size:11px;
line-height:1.3;
}

p.articlepadding {
margin:14px 0;
line-height:1.6;
}

p.blockquote {
margin-left:50px;
line-height:1.6;
}

p.blockquoteimg {
margin-left:250px;
line-height:1.6;
}

p.notes {
font-size:11px;
margin-bottom:12px;
}

.title {
color:#000;
display:block;
font-family:verdana,sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
margin-bottom:10px;
width:450px;
}

.fix_title .title {
color:#000;
display:block;
font-family:verdana,sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
margin-bottom:10px;
width:350px;
}

td .notes_text p {
color:#000;
font-family:verdana,sans-serif;
font-size:11px;
margin-bottom:10px;
}

td .past_issues {
color:#000;
font-family:verdana,sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
margin-bottom:20px;
}

.issue_vol_no_sm {
color:#036;
font-family:News Gothic MT,Arial,sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
font-weight:700;
float:left;
padding-left:10px;
padding-top:10px;
}

.issue_vol_no_lg {
font-family:News Gothic MT,Arial,sans-serif;
color:#036;
font-size:16px;
font-weight:700;
float:left;
font-weight:700;
width:350px;
}

#active_menu {
color:#000;
}

#current a span {
color:#e4e9cc;
}

/*
.module_a {
padding-top:20px;
padding-bottom:20px;
}

.module_a h3 {
padding:5px 0 5px 5px;
background:#036;
color:#E4E9CC;
}

.module_l h3 {
font-family:News Gothic MT,Arial,sans-serif;
font-size:18px;
font-weight:700;
line-height:1.2;
color:#036;
text-align:right;
}

.module_l ul {
list-style-type:none;
line-height:1.8;
}

.module_l tr td {
padding-top:10px;
text-align:right;
}
 */

.frnt_title2 {
color:#036;
font-family:verdana,sans-serif;
font-size:8pt;
}

.frnt_text {
color:#000;
font-family:verdana,sans-serif;
font-size:8pt;
}

.index_article {                                         /*redesign: frontpage*/
display: inline-block;
margin-top: 15px;
}

.compact .index_article {
margin-top: 10px;
}

.index_icon {
margin-right: 5px;
}

.index_icon.wide {
margin: 10px 0 0 0;
}

.index_title_orig {
color: #036;
font-family: verdana,sans-serif;
font-size: 8pt;
margin-top: 5px;
}

.index_title_orig.first {
font-size: 10pt;
}

.index_byline_orig {
color: #000;
font-family: verdana,sans-serif;
font-size: 8pt;
}

.index_text_orig {
color: #000;
font-family: verdana,sans-serif;
font-size: 8pt;
margin-top: 5px;
}

.col_wrap::after {
clear: both;
content: "";
display: table;
}

.post_wrap .index_article {                   /* redesign, post i.e. autumn09 */
display: block;
}

/* frontpages */
.post_wrap {
/* width: 610px; */
width: 600px;
}

.regular-article {
width: 505px;
}

.post_wrap::after,
.regular-article::after {
clear: both;
content: "";
display: table;
}

.dh_article {
width: 685px;
}

.dh_article .article_title {
font-size: 18px;
line-height: 1.5;
width: 100%;
}

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#content_body {
width:1100px;
}

#page_bg {
width:900px;
margin:0 auto;
}

#header {
background:#9aa757;
border-bottom:2px solid #fffbdc;
height:100px;
padding-left:100px;
width:inherit;
}

@media screen and (max-width:1150px) {
#header {
width:1100px;
}
}

#logo {
width:790px;
height:100px;
background:url(../local/images/header-logo-2018-1.png);
background-image:url(../local/images/header-logo-2018-1.svg),none;
background-position:bottom;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
float:left;
}

/*
#main_body {
width:800px;
float:left;
padding-top:15px;
text-align:left;
}

#left_column {
float:left;
margin-right:20px;
width:200px;
}

#right_column {
width:230px;
float:left;
text-align:left;
}

#column_mod {
margin-left:10px;
float:left;
width:200px;
clear:both;
}

#center_column {
padding-top:10px;
margin-right:10px;
}

#center_column li {
list-style-type:none;
}

#center_column .item-page ul.actions {
float:right;
}

#center_column .item-page ul.actions li {
float:left;
}

#center_column a img {
border:none;
margin-right:0;
margin-top:5px;
}
 */

.actions .print-icon {
padding: 0 3px 0 0;
margin:0;
}

.actions .email-icon {
padding:1px 3px 0 0;
margin:0;
}

.actions .pdf {
padding:0;
margin:0;
}

#footer {
clear:both;
font-size:10px;
padding:20px 0 10px;
height:auto;
color:#000;
margin:0 auto;
min-width:800px;
text-align:center;
width:800px;
}

.article_citation {
font-size:12px;
text-align:left;
padding:0 0 25px 50px;
width:700px;
}

.citation_title {
font-weight:bold;
}

.module_menu h3 {
text-align:center;
}

.module_menu ul {
list-style-type:none;
text-align:right;
padding:20px 0 20px 10px;
}

.module_menu ul a {
color:#013466;
}

.module_mainmenu {
background:#99A756;
}

.module_mainmenu ul {
clear:both;
list-style-type:none;
padding:20px 0 10px 10px;
line-height:160%;
}

.module_mainmenu ul a {
font-family:News Gothic MT,Arial,sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
font-weight:700;
color:#013466;
}

.module_mainmenu ul a:hover {
font-weight:700;
color:#024d97;
}

.module_ew a {
font-weight:400;
color:#002c55;
}

/*
.moduletable {
padding-left:10px;
}
 */

.module_article div div div ul {
padding-left:5px;
font-family:Verdana,Helvetica,sans-serif;
font-size:11px;
list-style-type:none;
}

.module_article div div div ul li {
margin:10px 0;
}

.buttonheading {
text-align:right;
padding-bottom:8px;
white-space:nowrap;
}

#cboxWrapper #cboxTitle {
bottom:-5px;
font-size:10px;
}

.articletable {
display:table;
float:left;
}

.articletablecellfirst,.articletablecellsec {
display:table-cell;
float:left;
}

.articletablecellfirst {
width:65%;
}

.articletablecellsec {
width:30%;
}

label[for=mod-search-searchword] {
display:none;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

.hide_actions .actions {
display:none;
}

.hide_actions #wrap_actions .actions {
display:none;  /* testing */
}

.hide_print_pdf .pdf {
display:none;
}

.hide_print_pdf .print-icon {
display:none;
}

.hide_pdf_show_print .pdf {
display:none;
}

.hide_pdf_show_print .print-icon {
display:inline;
}

.show_pdf_hide_print .pdf {
display:inline;
}

.show_pdf_hide_print .print-icon {
display:none;
}

.hide_print_pdf #wrap_actions .actions {
display:none;  /* testing */
}

/*----------to fix label for search module appearing----------*/

.element-invisible {
position:absolute;
padding:0;
margin:0;
border:0;
height:1px;
width:1px;
overflow:hidden;
}

/*----------styling for check-link-rot dialog----------*/

#link-rot-popup {
background-color:#fff;
box-shadow:0 10px 25px #646a2f;
display:none;
height:300px;
left:35%;
position:fixed;
top:50px;
width:500px;
z-index:1000;
}

.link_rot_text {
font-size:20px;
left:50px;
line-height:1.25;
position:absolute;
top:40px;
width:400px;
}

.link_rot_text p {
margin-bottom:1em;
}

.link_rot_buttons {
height:50px;
left:50px;
position:absolute;
bottom:25px;
width:400px;
}

.link_rot_button {
background-color:#437fc1;
border:none;
color:#fff;
cursor:pointer;
font-size:18px;
height:50px;
line-height:50px;
margin:0;
padding:0;
position:absolute;
text-align:center;
top:0;
vertical-align:middle;
width:120px;
}

.link_rot_button:hover {
background-color:#9fbedf;
}

.link_rot_button.cancel_link {
left:0;
}

.link_rot_button.follow_link {
left:140px;
}

.link_rot_button.new_link {
right:0;
}

@media screen and (max-width:800px) {
#link-rot-popup {
left:10%;
transform:scale(0.75);
}
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#pdf-form button {
background:none;
border:none!important;
cursor:pointer;
height:16px;
margin:5px 0 0;
padding:0;
width:16px;
}

#pdf-form .form-input {
display:none;
}

.direct_pdf_link {
display: none;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#dahesh_ad {
background:#fff;
height:225px;
margin:0 0 10px;
padding:0;
position:relative;
width:150px;
}

#dahesh_img {
left:0;
margin:0;
padding:0;
position:absolute;
top:0;
}

#dahesh_txt {
bottom:0;
left:0;
margin:0;
padding:0;
position:absolute;
}

#fitch_logo {
background:#e4e9cc;
height:230px;
margin:0;
padding:0;
position:relative;
width:230px;
}

#fitch_txt {
left:0;
margin:0;
padding:0;
position:absolute;
top:0;
}

#fitch_img {
bottom:0;
left:0;
margin:0;
padding:0;
position:absolute;
}

.img_place {
float:left;
width:32%;
margin:.5em;
padding:7px;
text-align:center;
color:#000;
font-family:verdana,sans-serif;
font-size:8pt;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

.pdf_announcement {
border:1px solid #99A756;
vertical-align:top;
margin:2px 5px 0 0;
width:150px;
}

.pdf_announcement:hover {
background-color:#f6f7ed;
}

#pdf-popup {
background-color:#f6f7ed;
border:1px solid #fffbdc;
box-shadow:0 0 25px #646a2f;
display:none;
height:155px;
position:absolute;
width:225px;
z-index:100;
}

#popup-text {
color:#5b5e55;
font-size:12px;
font-weight:bold;
line-height:1.5;
padding:25px;
}

#close-popup {
color:#1b981b;
position:absolute;
right:10px;
top:5px;
}

#close-popup:hover {
color:#d92626;
cursor:pointer;
text-decoration:underline;
}

/* SOCIAL MEDIA LINKS --------------------------------------------------------*/

#share-icon {
margin:5px 0 0 1px;
padding:0;
}

#share-icon:hover {
cursor:pointer;
}

#share-popup {
background-color:#fff;
border:1px solid #fffbdc;
box-shadow:0 0 25px #646a2f;
display:none;
height:75px;
position:absolute;
width:225px;
z-index:100;
}

#share-popup-links {
margin:15px 0 0 25px;
}

#close-share-popup {
color:#1b981b;
position:absolute;
right:10px;
top:5px;
}

#close-share-popup:hover {
color:#d92626;
cursor:pointer;
text-decoration:underline;
}

/* from font-awesome-edit.css ------------------------------------------------*/

/*!
 *  Font Awesome 4.7.0 by @davegandy - http://fontawesome.io - @fontawesome
 *  License - http://fontawesome.io/license (Font: SIL OFL 1.1, CSS: MIT License)
 */
/* FONT PATH
 * -------------------------- */
@font-face {
  font-family: 'FontAwesome';
  src: url('../fonts/icomoon.woff') format('woff');
  font-weight: normal;
  font-style: normal;
}
.fa {
  display: inline-block;
  font: normal normal normal 14px/1 FontAwesome;
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

.fa-facebook:before {
  content: "\f09a";
}
.fa-twitter:before {
  content: "\f099";
}
.fa-linkedin:before {
  content: "\f0e1";
}

/* Styling for popup ---------------------------------------------------------*/

.fa {
font-size: 15px;
padding: 10px;
margin: 5px 2px;
text-align: center;
text-decoration: none;
width: 50px; /* testing was 25px */
}
.fa:hover {
opacity: 0.7;
}
.fa-facebook {
background: #3B5998;
color: white;
}
.fa-twitter {
background: #55ACEE;
color: white;
}
.fa-linkedin {
background: #007bb5;
color: white;
}

/* For animation -------------------------------------------------------------*/

.icon-backward:before {
  content: "\f04a";
}
.icon-pause:before {
  content: "\f04c";
}
.icon-forward:before {
  content: "\f04e";
}

.fa-control {
font-size: 20px;
color: black;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
width: 20px;
}

.fa-control:hover:not(.active) {
color: white;
cursor: pointer;
}

.fa-control.active {
color: gray;
cursor: default;
}

/* pearlspine-regular -------------------------------------------------------*/

.regular_frontpage .index_title,
.regular_frontpage .module_mainmenu ul a,
.pearlspine_regular .module_mainmenu ul a,
.regular_frontpage .index_revtitle {
font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
}

.regular_frontpage .t3-mainbody {
width: 1245px;
}

/* Volume | etc. and Eds' welcome */
.regular_frontpage .page-masthead .mod-custom.custom {
margin-left: -35px;  /* testing */
padding-bottom: 15px;
position: relative;
width: 715px;
}

.regular_frontpage .issue_vol_no_sm {
color:#036;
font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
font-weight:700;
float:left;
padding-left:10px;
padding-top:10px;
}

.regular_frontpage .issue_vol_no_lg {
color:#036;
font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:16px;
font-weight:700;
float:unset;
padding-top:25px;
/*text-align:left;*/
/*width:300px;*/
}

/* pre-autumn09, post done inline */
.col_wrap div:first-of-type {
margin-top: 0;
}

.row_wrap {
text-align:left;
}

.row_wrap .index_article {
background-color:#ecf0db;
/*border:1px solid white;*/
display:inline-block;
min-height:420px;
margin:5px 10px 10px 0;
overflow:auto;
padding:0;
position:relative;
vertical-align:top;
text-align:left;
width:350px;
}

.row_wrap .index_article:hover {
background-color:#f6f7ed;
}

.row_wrap .index_article:hover .index_title {
color:#437FC1;
}

.row_wrap .index_icon {
float:right;
margin:0 10px 0 5px;
/*padding-bottom:10px;*/
position:relative;
}

.row_wrap .index_title {
color:#036;
font-size:16px;
font-weight:700;
line-height:18px;
margin:5px;
}

.row_wrap .index_byline {
color:#080a04;
font-size:14px;
margin-bottom:10px;
margin-left:5px;
}

.row_wrap .index_text {
color:#080a04;
font-size:12px;
height:100%;
margin:0 5px 5px;
padding-bottom:10px;
}

.row_wrap .index_doi {
margin:0 0 10px 5px;
}

.row_wrap .index_doi a:link {
color:#080a04;
}

.row_wrap .index_doi a:hover {
color:#437FC1;
}

.row_wrap .doi_hr {
background:#fffbdc;
height:1px;
margin-bottom:5px;
overflow:hidden;
width:275px;
}

.index_revthumbs {
padding: 0;
}

.index_revthumbs_wrap {
border:1px solid #99A756;
height:61px;
}

.index_revthumbs a:hover {
display:block;
opacity:0.8;
}

.index_revtitle {
font-size:18px;
font-weight:700;
color:#036;
margin-bottom:1em;
margin-top: 1em;
}

.row_wrap.index_discovery {
margin-top:5px;
}

.row_wrap .discovery_logo {
background-image:url(/images/stories/newd_logo_ind-wide.jpg);
background-position:center;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
height:41px;
width:715px;
}

.row_wrap.index_discovery .index_article {
margin:0;
min-height:200px;
width:715px;
}

.row_wrap .index_article .new_discovery {
float:left;
width:500px;
}

.row_wrap.index_discovery .index_icon {
margin-top:10px;
}

.row_wrap .index_nd_doi {
bottom:5px;
left:5px;
position:absolute;
}

.row_wrap .index_nd_doi a:link {
color:#080a04;
}

.row_wrap .index_nd_doi a:hover {
color:#437FC1;
}

.row_wrap .terra_digitally_logo {
height:65px;
width:715px;
background-position:center;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
background:url(/images/stories/terra_digitally_logo.png);
background-image:url(/images/stories/terra_digitally_logo.svg),none;
}

.row_wrap .index_digitally_icon_default {
display:block;
height:100px;
width:715px;
background-position:center;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
/*background:url ... inline style*/
margin-top:7px;
}

.row_wrap .index_digitally_icon_narrow {
display:none;
}

.row_wrap.index_digitally {
outline:1px solid #99A756;
margin:5px 0 10px 0;
width:715px;
}

.row_wrap.index_digitally .index_article {
margin:0;
min-height:200px;
padding-bottom:5px;
width:715px;
}

/*--------------------------------------*/

.ed_welcome {
background-color:#ecf0db;
color:#002c55;
font-size:14px;
font-weight:400;
padding:2px 3px 2px 3px;
position:absolute;
right:0;
top:25px;
}

.ed_welcome a {
color:#00264d;
}

.ed_welcome a:hover {
background-color:#f6f7ed;
color:#437FC1;
}

/* article pearlspine_regular ------------------------------------------------*/

.pearlspine_regular .regular-article {
margin:30px 0 50px 0;
width:700px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .dh_article {
width:700px;
}

.pearlspine_regular #article_head {
margin-bottom:30px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .bio_by {
font-size:15px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .articlepadding {
font-size:14px;
line-height:1.6;
margin:0 0 16px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .blockquote {
font-size:14px;
margin-left:50px;
line-height:1.6;
}

.pearlspine_regular .notes {
font-size:12px;
line-height:1.4;
margin-bottom:12px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .title {
color:#000;
font-size:20px;
line-height:1.2;
margin:20px 0 10px;
width:500px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .title_image {
margin:25px 0;
}

.pearlspine_regular .img_notes {
font-size:12px;
line-height:1.25;
margin-bottom:12px;
text-align:left;
}

.pearlspine_regular .photo_credit {
margin-bottom:15px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .img_paras_wrap .photo_credit {
margin:5px 0 0 0;
}

.pearlspine_regular .image_caption {
margin-top:15px;
}

.caption_link {
color:#013466;
cursor:pointer;
text-decoration:underline;
}

.caption_link:hover {
color:#437FC1;
text-decoration:underline;
}

.word_break {
word-break:break-all;
}

.nowrap {
white-space: nowrap;
}

/*-----------img caption extra----------*/

.extra_titles:hover {
cursor:pointer;
}

.img_place .extra_button {
border:1px solid #9fbedf;
color:#013466;
float:left;
margin:2px;
padding:0 2px;
}

.img_place .extra_button:hover {
background-color:#f6f7ed;
}

.white_background {
background-color:#f6f7ed;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

.pearlspine_regular .img_place {
float:left;
width:32%;
margin:0.5em;
padding:7px;
text-align:center;
color:#000;
font-size:8pt;
}

.pearlspine_regular .img_paras_wrap {
text-align:center;
width:700px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .img_paras_wrap::before {
background-color:#fffbdc;
content:"";
display:block;
height:1px;
margin-left:90px;
overflow:hidden;
width:500px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .img_paras_wrap::after {
background-color:#fffbdc;
content:"";
display:block;
height:1px;
margin:10px 0 20px 90px;
overflow:hidden;
width:500px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .img_paras {
color:#000;
display:inline-block;
font-size:8pt;
margin:0 0 25px;
padding:25px 0 0 25px;
text-align:center;
vertical-align:top;
width:250px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .img_grid {
color:#000;
display:inline-block;
font-size:8pt;
margin:0;
padding:25px 25px 0 0;
text-align:center;
vertical-align:top;
width:200px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .grid_left {
margin-right:10px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .grid_right {
margin-left:10px;
}

.pearlspine_regular .full_width_image::before {
background-color:#fffbdc;
content:"";
display:block;
height:1px;
margin-bottom:10px;
overflow:hidden;
width:100%;
}

.pearlspine_regular .full_width_image::after {
background-color:#fffbdc;
content:"";
display:block;
height:1px;
margin-bottom:5px;
margin-top:10px;
overflow:hidden;
width:100%;
}

/* pearlspine-special --------------------------------------------------------*/

/*NEW MENU-------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*http://osvaldas.info/drop-down-navigation-responsive-and-touch-friendly*/

.clearfix::after {
clear:both;
}

#double_menu {
background:#9aa757;
border-bottom:1px solid #fffbdc;
height:60px;
position:relative;
min-width:1275px;
width:100%;
}

#nav_logo {
background:url(../local/images/header-logo-2018-1.png);
background-image:url(../local/images/header-logo-2018-1.svg),none;
background-size:439px 50px;
bottom:0;
height:50px;
left:0;
position:absolute;
width:439px;
}

#nav_menu {
bottom:0;
position:absolute;
font-weight:400;
width:60em;
/* 1000 */
left:450px;
z-index:900;
}

#nav_menu ul {
list-style:none;
margin-bottom:0;
}

#nav_menu > a {
display:none;
}

#nav_menu li {
position:relative;
z-index:900;
}

#nav_menu li a {
color:#036;
display:block;
text-decoration:none;
}

#nav_menu li a:active {
background-color:#9aa757!important;
}

#nav_menu span:after {
width:0;
height:0;
border:.313em solid transparent;
/* 5 */
border-bottom:none;
border-top-color:#fffbdc;
content:'';
vertical-align:middle;
display:inline-block;
position:relative;
right:-.313em;
/* 5 */
}

/* first level */
#nav_menu > ul {
height:3.75em;
/* 60 */
background-color:#9aa757;
}

#nav_menu > ul > li {
width:25%;
height:100%;
float:left;
}

#nav_menu > ul > li .issue_menu {
width:40em;
}

#nav_menu > ul > li > a {
height:100%;
font-size:1.5em;
/* 24 */
line-height:2.5em;
/* 60 (24) */
text-align:center;
}

#nav_menu > ul > li:not( :last-child ) > a {
}

#nav_menu > ul > li:hover > a,#nav_menu > ul:not( :hover ) > li.active > a {
background-color:#aeb979;
text-decoration:underline;
}

/* second level */
#nav_menu li ul {
background-color:#fffbdc;
display:none;
position:absolute;
top:100%;
}

#nav_menu li:hover ul {
display:block;
left:0;
right:0;
}

#nav_menu li:not( :first-child ):hover ul {
left:-1px;
}

#nav_menu li ul a {
font-size:1em;
border-bottom:1px solid #9aa757;
padding:.65em;
}

#nav_menu li ul li a:hover,#nav_menu li ul:not( :hover ) li.active a {
background-color:#fff;
text-decoration:underline;
}

/* 1000 */
@media only screen and (max-width:62.5em) {
#nav_logo {
display:none;
}

#nav_menu {
margin:0;
position:static;
width:100%;
}
}

/* 640 */
@media only screen and (max-width:40em) {
html {
font-size:75%;
/* 12 */
}

.greekslave-article {
margin-left:150px;
}

#nav_logo {
display:none;
}

#nav_menu {
position:relative;
top:auto;
left:auto;
}

#nav_menu > a {
width:3.125em;
/* 50 */
height:3.125em;
/* 50 */
text-align:left;
text-indent:-9999px;
background-color:#9aa757;
position:relative;
}

#nav_menu > a:before,#nav_menu > a:after {
position:absolute;
border:2px solid #fffbdc;
top:35%;
left:25%;
right:25%;
content:'';
}

#nav_menu > a:after {
top:60%;
}

#nav_menu:not( :target ) > a:first-of-type,#nav_menu:target > a:last-of-type {
display:block;
}

/* first level */
#nav_menu > ul {
height:auto;
display:none;
position:absolute;
left:0;
right:0;
}

#nav_menu:target > ul {
display:block;
}

#nav_menu > ul > li {
width:100%;
float:none;
}

#nav_menu > ul > li > a {
height:auto;
text-align:left;
padding:0 .833em;
/* 20 (24) */
}

#nav_menu > ul > li:not( :last-child ) > a {
border-right:none;
border-bottom:1px solid #fffbdc;
}

/* second level */
#nav_menu li ul {
position:static;
padding:1.25em;
/* 20 */
padding-top:0;
}
}

/* FRONTPAGE ----------------------------------------------------------------*/

.pearlspine_special * {
box-sizing:content-box;
}

.pearlspine_special .clear {
clear:both;
}

.pearlspine_special .index_content {
background:#ecf0db;
padding:20px 0 0 20px;
position:relative;
}

.pearlspine_special .index_section {
padding-bottom:65px;
}

.pearlspine_special .section_splash {
height:75px;
margin:0;
text-align:left;
width:100%;
}

.pearlspine_special .section_splash h2 {
color:#013466;
font-family:News Gothic MT,arial,sans-serif;
font-size:26px;
font-weight:700;
letter-spacing:.05em;
}

.pearlspine_special .index_article {
background:#f6f7ed;
display:inline-block;
height:350px;
margin:10px 10px 10px 0;
min-height:350px;
overflow: inherit;
padding:0;
position:relative;
vertical-align:top;
text-align:left;
width:250px;
}

.pearlspine_special .index_wrap {
padding-left:5px;
}

.pearlspine_special .index_icon {
padding-bottom:10px;
}

.pearlspine_special .index_icon .index_over {
position:absolute;
top:0;
width:250px;
height:200px;
background:#fff;
opacity:0;
}

.pearlspine_special .index_icon:hover .index_over {
opacity:0.25;
}

.pearlspine_special .index_title {
font-family:News Gothic MT,arial,sans-serif;
font-size:16px;
font-weight:700;
line-height:18px;
margin:0 0 5px 0;
}

.pearlspine_special .index_byline {
font-family:News Gothic MT,arial,sans-serif;
font-size:13px;
line-height: inherit;
margin:0 0 10px 0;
}

.pearlspine_special .abstract_click {
color:#036;
}

.pearlspine_special .abstract_click:hover {
color:#437FC1;
cursor:pointer;
text-decoration:underline;
}

.pearlspine_special .abstract {
background:#fff;
border:1px solid #fffbdc;
box-shadow:0 0 5px #999;
display:none;
height:auto;
left:0;
min-height:320px;
padding:10px 10px 20px;
position:absolute;
top:0;
width:230px;
z-index:10;
}

.pearlspine_special .abstract a {
font-size:14px;
font-weight:700;
}

.pearlspine_special .view_abstract {
display:block;
}

.pearlspine_special .close_abstract {
color:#036;
position:absolute;
right:10px;
top:10px;
}

.pearlspine_special .close_abstract:hover {
color:#437FC1;
cursor:pointer;
text-decoration:underline;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

.pearlspine_special .caption_color {
color:#036;
}

.pearlspine_special .articlepadding {
margin:14px 0;
line-height:1.6;
}

.pearlspine_special .blockquote {
margin-left:50px;
line-height:1.6;
}

.pearlspine_special .blockquoteimg {
margin-left:250px;
line-height:1.6;
}

.pearlspine_special .notes {
font-size:11px;
margin-bottom:12px;
}

.pearlspine_special .title {
color:#000;
display:block;
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
margin:20px 0 10px;
width:450px;
}

.pearlspine_special .issue_vol_no_sm {
color:#036;
font-family:News Gothic MT,Arial,sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
font-weight:700;
float:left;
padding-left:10px;
padding-top:10px;
}

.pearlspine_special .issue_vol_no_lg {
color:#036;
font-family:News Gothic MT,Arial,sans-serif;
font-size:16px;
font-weight:700;
margin-left:100px;
padding-top:25px;
width:300px;
}

/*
.pearlspine_special .module_a {
padding-top:20px;
padding-bottom:20px;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_a h3 {
padding:5px 0 5px 5px;
background:#036;
color:#E4E9CC;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_l h3 {
font-family:News Gothic MT,Arial,sans-serif;
font-size:18px;
font-weight:700;
line-height:1.2;
color:#036;
text-align:right;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_l ul {
list-style-type:none;
line-height:1.8;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_l tr td {
padding-top:10px;
text-align:right;
}
 */

/* HEADER, LOGO, COLUMNS ----------------------------------------------------*/

.pearlspine_special .container.t3-mainbody {
padding: 0;
width: unset;
}

.pearlspine_special .t3-mainbody > .row {
margin: 0;
}

.special_frontpage.pearlspine_special .t3-content {
float: left;
padding: 0;
margin-left: 100px;
width: 820px;
}

.pearlspine_special .t3-content {
float: unset;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
width: 100%;
}

.row-feature:nth-child(even) {
background-color:#e4e9cc;
background-image:url(../local/images/GS-splash-bw-3.jpg);
background-size:cover;
background-position:center;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
}

.custom_splash {
/*
background-color:#e4e9cc;
background-image:url(../local/images/GS-splash-bw-3.jpg);
background-size:cover;
background-position:center;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
 */
height:250px;
margin:25px 0 75px 0;
min-width:1000px;
width:100%;
}

.custom_index .container,
.custom_index .row,
.custom_splash .container,
.custom_splash .row {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
width: inherit;
}

.page-masthead .row-feature.custom_index,
.page-masthead .row-feature.custom_splash {
padding: 0;
}

@media only screen and (max-width:1000px) {
.custom_splash {
min-width:1375px;
}
}

.splash_graphic {
background-image:url(../local/images/splash-graphic-glow.png);
background-position:center;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
background-size:816px 81px;
height:81px;
margin-left:100px;
padding:80px 0;
width:816px;
}

.special_frontpage h2 {
line-height: inherit;
margin: 0;
}

.special_frontpage #t3-content a img {
margin-top: 0;
}

.special_frontpage .row_wrap .index_icon {
float: inherit;
margin: 0;
}

.summer16_search {
padding-bottom: 20px;
}

.pearlspine_special .t3-sidebar-2 {
float: right;
margin-left: 10px;
margin-right: 50px;
padding: 0;
width: 200px;
}

.pearlspine_special .t3-sidebar-2 .t3-module {
width: 200px;
}

.pearlspine_special .t3-sidebar-1 {
float: right;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
right: inherit;
text-align: left;
width: 175px;
}

.pearlspine_special .t3-sidebar-1 .module_article {
padding-top: 0;
}

/*----------------------------------*/

.pearlspine_special #header {
background:#9aa757;
border-bottom:1px solid #fffbdc;
height:100px;
min-width:1275px;
padding-left:100px;
width:inherit;
}

.pearlspine_special #logo {
width:790px;
height:100px;
background:url(../local/images/header-logo-2018-1.png);
background-image:url(../local/images/header-logo-2018-1.svg),none;
background-position:bottom;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
}

/*
.pearlspine_special #columns {
max-width:1900px;
min-width:1375px;
}

.pearlspine_special #left_column {
float:left;
margin-right:20px;
width:200px;
}

.pearlspine_special #double_column {
float:right;
margin-right:50px;
}

.pearlspine_special #right_column {
width:175px;
float:left;
text-align:left;
}

.pearlspine_special #column_mod {
margin-left:10px;
float:left;
width:200px;
}

.pearlspine_special #center_column {
float:left;
padding:0;
margin-left:100px;
width:820px;
}

.pearlspine_special #center_column li {
list-style-type:none;
}

.pearlspine_special #center_column .item-page ul.actions {
float:right;
}

.pearlspine_special #center_column .item-page ul.actions li {
float:left;
}
 */

/* .t3-content replacing #full_column */
.pearlspine_special .t3-content {
max-width:1300px;
padding-left:10px;
width:100%;
}

.pearlspine_special .t3-content li {
list-style-type:none;
}

.pearlspine_special .t3-content .item-page ul.actions {
float:right;
margin:25px 50px 0 0;
}

.pearlspine_special .t3-content .item-page ul.actions li {
float:left;
}

.pearlspine_special .t3-content a img {
border:none;
margin-right:0;
margin-top:5px;
}

.special_frontpage #footer {
background-color: transparent !important;
}

.pearlspine_special #footer {
clear:both;
font-size:10px;
padding:20px 0 10px;
height:auto;
color:#000;
margin:0 auto;
min-width:1200px;
text-align:center;
width:1200px;
}

.pearlspine_special .article_citation {
font-size:12px;
text-align:left;
padding-left:50px;
width:700px;
}

.pearlspine_special .citation_title {
font-weight:bold;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

.greekslave-article #bio-wrap {
margin-bottom:30px;
}

.greekslave-article .bio_by {
font-size:16px;
}
.greekslave-article {
margin:0 auto;
padding-top:25px;
width:700px;
}

.greekslave-article p.articlepadding {
font-size:16px;
line-height:1.65;
margin:0 0 16px;
}

.greekslave-article p.blockquote {
font-size:16px;
}

.greekslave-article p.notes {
font-size:14px;
line-height:1.25;
}

.greekslave-article .title {
font-size:22px;
line-height:1.2;
}

.di-bello article img {
max-width: inherit;
}

.di-bello #t3-content,
.greek_slave_sings #t3-content {
position: static;
}



/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

.pearlspine_special #article_info {
margin-left:50px;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_menu h3 {
text-align:center;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_menu ul {
list-style-type:none;
text-align:right;
padding:20px 0 20px 10px;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_menu ul a {
color:#013466;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_mainmenu {
background:#99A756;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_mainmenu ul {
clear:both;
list-style-type:none;
padding:20px 0 10px 10px;
line-height:160%;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_mainmenu ul a {
font-family:News Gothic MT,Arial,sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
font-weight:700;
color:#013466;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_mainmenu ul a:hover {
font-weight:700;
color:#024d97;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_ew a {
font-weight:400;
color:#002c55;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_article {
clear:both;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_article h3 {
color:#E4E9CC;
background:#036;
font-weight:700;
font-family:News Gothic MT,arial,sans-serif;
font-size:17px;
padding:5px 0 5px 10px;
}

.pearlspine_special .module_article ul {
font-size:11px;
padding-left:5px;
list-style-type:none;
}

.pearlspine_special .img_place {
float:left;
width:32%;
margin:.5em;
padding:7px;
text-align:center;
color:#000;
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:8pt;
}

.pearlspine_special .img_paras_wrap {
text-align:center;
width:700px;
}

.pearlspine_special .img_wrap_three {
text-align:center;
margin:0 -75px;
width:850px;
}

.pearlspine_special .img_paras {
color:#000;
display:inline-block;
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:8pt;
margin:0 0 25px;
padding:25px 0 0 25px;
text-align:center;
vertical-align:top;
width:250px;
}

label[for=mod-search-searchword] {
display:none;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider {
height:700px;
width:700px;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider::before {
background-color:#fffbdc;
content:"";
display:block;
height:1px;
margin:50px 0 10px 0;
overflow:hidden;
width:100%;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider::after {
background-color:#fffbdc;
content:"";
display:block;
height:1px;
margin:10px 0 50px 0;
overflow:hidden;
width:100%;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .all_slides {
height:500px;
padding-top:0;
position:relative;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .go_zone {
background:none;
bottom:0;
color:gray;
cursor:pointer;
font-size:50px;
font-weight:bold;
position:absolute;
top:0;
width:100px;
z-index:100;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .click_go {
position:absolute;
right:20px;
top:200px;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .click_go:hover {
color:white;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .go_left {
display:none;
left:0;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .go_right {
right:0;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .go_left .click_go {
left:20px;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .go_right .click_go {
right:20px;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .slide {
display:none;
height:500px;
min-width:400px;
position:absolute;
text-align:center;
width:700px;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .slide.first {
display:inline-block;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .slide_overlay {
background:#e4e9cc;
display:inline-block;
height:500px;
min-width:400px;
position:absolute;
width:700px;
z-index:1000;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .large_frame {
display:inline-block;
height:500px;
position:relative;
width:400px;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .small_thumbs {
text-align:center;
}

.small_thumbs::before {
background-color:#fffbdc;
content:"";
display:block;
height:1px;
margin:10px 0;
overflow:hidden;
width:100%;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .small_frame {
border-bottom:10px solid transparent;
display:inline-block;
height:120px;
position:relative;
width:110px;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .center {
bottom:0;
left:0;
margin:auto;
position:absolute;
right:0;
top:0;
width:400px;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .small_thumbs img {
bottom:0;
left:0;
margin:auto;
max-height:100px;
max-width:100px;
position:absolute;
right:0;
top:0;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .img_place {
float:none;
margin:0;
padding:0;
position:absolute;
text-align:left;
width:400px;
z-index:100;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .extra_text {
background:#9aa757;
box-shadow:0 0 5px #9aa757;
padding:5px;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .small_frame {
border-bottom:10px solid #e4e9cc;
cursor:pointer;
transition:border-bottom 0.25s;
}

.pearlspine_special .mini_slider .active {
border-bottom:10px solid #fffbdc;
cursor:default;
transition:border-bottom 1s;
}

.thumbnail_caption.mini_slide {
margin-top: 15px;
}

/* Simpleslide, replacing Highslide ------------------------------------------*/

.simpleslide.bio_by {
width: fit-content;
}

.simpleslide.bio_by span {
color: #036;
}

.simpleslide.bio_by span:hover {
color: #437fc1;
cursor: pointer;
}

#simpleslide_bio {
background-color: #e4e9cc;
border-radius: 2%;
box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
height: auto;
padding: 20px 20px 10px 20px;
position: absolute;
transition: transform 0.7s ease-in-out;
transform: scale(0);
z-index: 1000;
width: 400px;
}

#simpleslide_bio.bio_open {
transform: scale(1);
}

#bio_body {
font-size: 12px;
line-height: 15.6px;
}

#bio_footer {
position: relative;
}

#bio_footer::before {
border-bottom: 1px solid #f2f2f2;
border-top: 1px solid #999;
content: "";
display: block;
height: 0;
margin: 10px 0 10px 0;
overflow: hidden;
width: 100%;
}

#close_bio {
color: #808080;
float: right;
font-weight: bold;
}

#close_bio:hover {
cursor: pointer;
}

/*--------------------------*/

.simpleslide.image {
color: #036;
}

.simpleslide.image:hover:not(:has(.caption_link:hover)) {
color: #437fc1;
cursor: zoom-in;
}

.simpleslide .thumbnail_caption {
padding-top: 20px;
}

.simpleslide_fig {
background: #99A756;
box-shadow: 0 0 5px 1px rgba(255, 255, 190, 1);
height: auto;
max-width: calc(100vw - 40px);
padding: 10px;
position: absolute;
transition: transform 0.7s ease-in-out;
transform: scale(0);
z-index: 100;
}

.simpleslide_fig img {
height: auto;
max-width: calc(100%);
}

.figure_popup .simpleslide_fig img {
cursor: zoom-out !important;
}

.simpleslide_fig.fig_active {
transform: scale(1);
}

.simpleslide_fig #img_caption {
padding-top: 10px;
text-align: center;
}

.simpleslide_fig #img_caption .thumb_only {
display: none;
}