Bibliography:

"Animals in Jewelry" 1881
"Animals in Jewelry," The Sun (New York), December 27, 1881, p. 2.

"Art in Dress" 1882
"Art in Dress: Bird and Insect Dress Adornments." Art Amateur 7, no. 6 (1882), p. 130.

"Art in Dress" 1883
"Art in Dress: Artistic Jewelry." Art Amateur 8, no. 6 (1883), p. 142.

Batty 1880
Batty, Joseph H. Practical Taxidermy and Home Decoration, Together with General Information for Sportsmen. New York: Orange Judd Company, 1880.

Beecher and Stowe (1869) 1994
Beecher, Catherine E., and Harriet Beecher Stowe. The American Woman's Home; or, Principles of domestic Science. Facsimile of 1869 ed., with a new introduction by Joseph Van Why. Hartford, Conn.: Stowe-Day Foundation, 1994.

"Beginnings" 1973
"Beginnings." Audubon (January 1973), pp. 7-34.

Blanc 1877
Blanc, Charles. Art in Ornament and Dress. Translated from 1876 French ed. London: Chapman and Hall, 1877.

Blum 1974
Blum, Stella, ed. Victorian Fashions and Costumes from "Harper's Bazar," 1867-1898. New York: Dover, 1974.

Bury 1991
Bury, Shirley. Jewellery, 1789-1910: The International Era. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Antique Collector's Club, 1991.

Butterworth 1901
Butterworth, Hezekiah. In the Days of Audubon: A Tale of the "Protector of Birds." New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1901.

Carter 1997
Carter, Michael. Putting a Face on Things: Studies in Imaginary Materials. Sydney: Power Publications, 1997.

Chalmers-Hunt 1976
Chalmers-Hunt, J. M., comp. Natural History Auctions, 1700-1972: A Register of Sales in the British Isles. London: Sotheby Parke Bernet, 1976.

"Chitchat" April 1863
"Chitchat upon New York and Philadelphia Fashions." Godey's Lady's Book 66 (April 1863), p. 408.

"Chitchat" October 1863
"Chitchat upon New York and Philadelphia Fashions." Godey's Lady's Book 67 (October 1863), p. 353.

"Chitchat" December 1874
"Chitchat on Fashions for December." Godey's Lady's Book 89 (December 1874), p. 574.

Darwin 1860
Darwin, Charles. On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection; or, The Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. Rev. ed. New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1860.

Day and Buckle 1900
Day, Lewis F., and Mary Buckle. Art in Needlework: A Book about Embroidery. 4th ed. London: B. T. Batsford, 1900.

Drouin and Bensaude-Vincent 1996
Drouin, Jean-Marc, and Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent. "Nature for the People." In Cultures of Natural History, edited by Nicholas Jardine, James A. Secord, and E. C. Spary, pp. 408-25. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

Fales 1995
Fales, Martha Gandy. Jewelry in America, 1600-1900. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Antique Collector's Club, 1995.

Farnsworth 1915
Farnsworth, Eva Olney. The Art and Ethics of Dress. San Francisco: Paul Elder and Company, 1915.

Fitzgerald 1877
Fitzgerald, Percy. "The Art of Dressing and Being Dressed." Art Journal 3 (1877), pp. 316-18, 345-46, 379.

Gems 1877
Gems of the Centennial Exhibition . . . at the Philadelphia International Exhibition. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1877.

Ginsburg 1982
Ginsburg, Madeleine. Victorian Dress in Photographs. London: B. T. Batsford, 1982.

Haweis 1878
Haweis, Mrs. H. R. [Mary Eliza Joy]. The Art of Beauty. New York, Harper and Brothers, 1878.

Hinks 1975
Hinks, Peter. Nineteenth Century Jewellery. London: Faber and Faber, 1975.

Ingram 1876
Ingram, J. S. The Centennial Exposition, Described and Illustrated, Being a Concise and Graphic Description of This Grand Enterprise, Commemorative of the First Centenary of American Independence. Philadelphia: Hubbard Bros., 1876.

Johnson's Natural History 1874
Johnson's Natural History, Comprehensive, Scientific, and Popular, Illustrating and Describing the Animal Kingdom. . . . Contributions by Samuel Goodrich et al. 2 vols. New York: A. J. Johnson, 1874.

Kastner 1994
Kastner, Joseph. "Long before Furs, It Was Feathers That Stirred Reformist Ire." Smithsonian, July 1994, pp. 97-104.

Lambert 1859
Lambert, Miss [F.]. The Ladies Complete Guide to Needle-work and Embroidery. . . . Philadelphia: T. B. Peterson and Brothers, 1859.

Langtry 1925
Langtry, Lillie. The Days I Knew. 2d ed. London: Hutchinson and Co., 1925.

Levitt 1991
Levitt, Sarah. Fashion in Photographs, 1880-1900. London: B. T. Batsford, 1991.

Linklater 1938
Linklater, Elizabeth. A Child under Sail. London: Jonathan Cape, 1938.

Lipovetsky 1994
Lipovetsky, Gilles. The Empire of Fashion: Dressing Modern Democracy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994.

McCabe 1876
McCabe, James Dabney. The Illustrated History of the Centennial Exhibition. . . . Philadelphia: National Pub. Co., 1876.

Norton (1877) 1974
Norton, Frank H. A Facsimile of Frank Leslie's Illustrated Historical Register of the Centennial Exposition, 1876. New introduction by Richard Kenin. New York: Paddington Press, 1974. First published 1877.

Olian 1998
Olian, JoAnne, ed. Victorian and Edwardian Fashions from La Mode Illustrée. Mineola, New York: Dover, 1998.

Oliphant 1879
Oliphant, Mrs. [Margaret]. Dress. Philadelphia: Porter and Coates, 1879.

Russett 1989
Russett, Cynthia Eagle. Sexual Science: The Victorian Construction of Womanhood. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1989.

Sheets-Pyenson 1988
Sheets-Pyenson, Susan. Cathedrals of Science: The Development of Colonial Natural History Museums in the Late Nineteenth Century. Kingston, Ontario: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1988.

Strahan, Smith, and Wilson 1876-78
Edward Strahan [Earl Shinn], Walter Smith, and Joseph M. Wilson. The Masterpieces of the Centennial International Exhibition, Illustrated. 3 vols. Philadelphia: Gebbie and Barrie, 1876-78.

Tuthill 1879
Tuthill, Louisa C., comp. Pearls for Young Ladies: From the Later Works of John Ruskin, L.L.D., Including Letters and Advice on Education, Dress, Marriage and Influence, Works, Rights &c. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1879.

Urbino and Day 1884
Urbino, Levina Buoncuore, and Henry Day. Art Recreations: A Guide to Decorative Art. Edited by Marion Kemble. Boston: S.W. Tilton and Company, 1884. First published 1860.

Verneuil 1897
Verneuil, M. P. L'animal dans la décoration. Paris: Librairie Centrale des Beaux-Arts, 1897.

Weed 1898
Weed, Clarence Moore. "The Causes of the Decrease of Birds." Granite Monthly 25 (1898), pp. 211-15.

Wilson (1985) 1987
Elizabeth Wilson, Adorned in Dreams: Fashion and Modernity. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1987. First published 1985.

Yanni 1999
Yanni, Carla. Nature's Museums: Victorian Science and the Architecture of Display. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1999.

Periodicals and Other Sources Consulted
Art Journal. London, monthly
Godey's Lady's Book. Philadelphia, monthly
Peterson's Magazine. Philadelphia, monthly
The Sun. New York, daily
Trow's New York City Directory. New York, annual

Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, Mass., Natural History Department, Audubon Society pamphlet file

close