The Legendary Cossacks: Anarchy and Nationalism in the Conceptions of Ilya Repin and Nikolai Gogol by Walther K. Lang The Zaporozhian Cossacks, painted by Ilya Repin in the years 1880-1891, echoed some of the clichés found in Nikolai Gogol's historical tale Taras Bulba (1835-42). The diverse qualities ascribed to the legendary Cossacks made them a mirror of Russians' national identity and unfullfilled aspirations.